[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/ekonomika-a-ekonomie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/ekonomika-a-ekonomie\/","headline":"Ekonomika a ekonomie","name":"Ekonomika a ekonomie","description":"Ekonomika\u00a0je n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nebo jeho \u010d\u00e1st, souhrn hospoda\u0159en\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch subjekt\u016f jako je st\u00e1t, organizace nebo","datePublished":"2025-03-01","dateModified":"2025-03-01","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da76ffe9456a057fb26f92cd8eb3d2effca853864e9ae2a35290bd1e10b1f7d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/da76ffe9456a057fb26f92cd8eb3d2effca853864e9ae2a35290bd1e10b1f7d4?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"remirent.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a302582_w2021_t1512471526.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a302582_w2021_t1512471526.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.remirent.cz\/ekonomika-a-ekonomie\/","wordCount":392,"articleBody":"Ekonomika\u00a0je n\u00e1rodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed nebo jeho \u010d\u00e1st, souhrn hospoda\u0159en\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch subjekt\u016f jako je st\u00e1t, organizace nebo jednotlivec; souhrn \u010dinnost\u00ed a za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na materi\u00e1ln\u00ed udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.Setk\u00e1me se v\u00a0n\u00ed, mj., s\u00a0t\u011bmito pojmy:hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed\u2013 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed, podnikov\u00e9hospoda\u0159en\u00ed\u2013 r\u016fzn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 \u010dinnosti jako nap\u0159\u00edklad pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed, organizov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdroba, prodej, investicehospod\u00e1rnost – vyu\u017eit\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch prost\u0159edk\u016f tak, aby bylo dosa\u017eeno minim\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1klad\u016f a z\u00e1rove\u0148 maxim\u00e1ln\u00edho mo\u017en\u00e9ho ziskuV ekonomice lze rozpoznat d\u011bje jako v\u00fdrobu, p\u0159erozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed, sm\u011bnu a spot\u0159ebu statk\u016f a slu\u017eeb.Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ekonomika proto, aby zajistila sv\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed, mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze shrnout do t\u0159\u00ed bod\u016f:\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 co a kolik vyr\u00e1b\u011bt\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 jak vyr\u00e1b\u011bt\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 pro koho vyr\u00e1b\u011btEkonomick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my \u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zvykov\u00fd\u00a0syst\u00e9m:existuje u\u017e jen u primitivn\u00edch kultur, ekonomick\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed je zde ur\u010dov\u00e1no zvyklostmi (tradi\u010dn\u011b), uplat\u0148uje se\u00a0natur\u00e1ln\u00ed, \u010dili sm\u011bnn\u00fd obchod\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 centr\u00e1ln\u011b\u00a0pl\u00e1novan\u00fd syst\u00e9m:v minulosti pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v ekonomik\u00e1ch\u00a0v\u00fdchodn\u00edho bloku, ekonomika je \u0159\u00edzena na z\u00e1klad\u011b centr\u00e1ln\u00edho pl\u00e1nu, dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dinnosti jsou ur\u010dov\u00e1ny pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm na ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u00farovn\u00edch, charakteristick\u00fd je st\u00e1tn\u00ed (a podnikov\u00fd)\u00a0monopol\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tr\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9m: v\u00a019. stolet\u00ed\u00a0\u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b uplat\u0148ovan\u00fd vysp\u011bl\u00fdmi (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm)\u00a0evropsk\u00fdmi\u00a0zem\u011bmi, charakteristick\u00e1 je zcela (liber\u00e1ln\u00ed) neregulovan\u00e1 ekonomika, na kterou m\u00e1 vliv pouze trh, bez jak\u00fdchkoliv z\u00e1sah\u016f ze strany st\u00e1tu\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd syst\u00e9m:vych\u00e1z\u00ed z tr\u017en\u00edho syst\u00e9mu, zapracov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u0161ak mo\u017enost z\u00e1sah\u016f st\u00e1tu, a to v p\u0159\u00edpadech, kdy sel\u017eou standardn\u00ed\u00a0tr\u017en\u00ed mechanismy, dnes tento syst\u00e9m zcela p\u0159evl\u00e1d\u00e1 ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch ekonomik\u00e1ch.Definice ekonomie Ekonomie je v\u011bda o \u010dinnostech, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed v\u00fdroby a sm\u011bny statk\u016f.Ekonomie zkoum\u00e1 zm\u011bny v\u00a0ekonomice jako celku \u2013 trendy v\u00fdroby, cen, nezam\u011bstnanosti.Ekonomie pom\u00e1h\u00e1 vypracov\u00e1vat hospod\u00e1\u0159skou politiku, jej\u00edm\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm je mo\u017eno zlep\u0161it v\u00fdkonnost ekonomiky.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                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